About Syria

The Land Where Civilization Never Dies

Throughout history, Syria has been the cradle of the oldest human civilizations and a center for commercial and cultural exchange between East and West. Today, it still maintains its position as one of the richest countries in heritage and diversity. Syria includes ancient cities such as Damascus, the oldest inhabited capital in the world, and Aleppo, which was known as the heart of trade for long centuries. Syria is distinguished by its great monuments such as Palmyra and Aleppo Citadel, and by its diverse nature from coast to mountains to desert. It is also a country of hospitality and generosity, where visitors gather around the flavors of Syrian cuisine and unforgettable experiences in its old markets and historic neighborhoods.

Historical Overview of Syria

1833

Syria was under the rule of Ibrahim Pasha, son of Muhammad Ali of Egypt, marking a period of administrative reforms and significant changes in governance.

18331892191619111919192119201922

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More Information About Syria

Syria is considered the heart of civilizations and the crossroads throughout thousands of years. Before the discovery of modern trade routes, the country was a main station on the Silk Road, where cities like Damascus, Aleppo and Palmyra were known as thriving centers for commercial and cultural exchange.

Archaeology and History

Archaeological discoveries have shown human presence in Syria for hundreds of thousands of years. Damascus is the oldest inhabited capital in the world, while Palmyra in the middle of the Syrian desert was once a thriving city competing with Rome in its beauty and trade. The Great Umayyad Mosque in Damascus and Aleppo Citadel are also considered among the most important historical landmarks in the Middle East.

Ancient Buildings

Syria includes ancient palaces and markets such as Al-Adhimiyya School and Khan Asaad Pasha in Old Damascus, and Aleppo's historic markets that UNESCO has listed as World Heritage.

Events and Culture

Syria hosted many cultural and artistic festivals such as Palmyra Festival and Bosra Festival, which brought together musicians and artists from all over the world.

Nature and Diversity

From the beaches of Latakia and Tartous, to the green coastal mountains, to the Palmyra steppe and Deir ez-Zor desert, Syria is rich in its natural diversity. It is also distinguished by Ain al-Fijah spring that has watered Damascus for centuries.

Modern Life

Syria hosts ancient universities such as the University of Damascus (1923), which is considered one of the oldest universities in the region. It was also known for its traditional crafts such as Aleppo soap making and Damascene textile (brocade), whose fame reached Europe and the world. Syria achieved a prominent presence in history, and is still a land rich in heritage, combining ancient past with ambition for a renewed future. It is truly a land where civilization never dies.

Syria's Location

Syria is one of the Arab countries located in the heart of the Middle East region, sharing borders with Lebanon and Palestine to the west, Jordan to the south, Iraq to the east, and Turkey to the north, and extends along the Mediterranean coast to the west. Syria's strategic location gives it great importance throughout history, as it has always been a bridge connecting Asia, Europe and Africa, and the most important trade routes such as the Silk Road passed through it. This location made it a center for commercial, cultural and civilizational exchange for thousands of years, and a destination for visitors seeking history, nature and diversity.

What is Syria's Flag?

The current flag was adopted in 2024 after the success of the Syrian revolution, and consists of three horizontal stripes: green, white, and black, with three red stars in the center.

• Green: Rule of the Rightly-Guided Caliphs
• White: The Umayyad State
• Black: The Abbasid State
• The three stars: The main cities that played a prominent role in the revolution (Damascus, Aleppo, Deir ez-Zor)